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OBJECTIVE：To provi de reference for the construction of shared TCM pharmacy information platform based on county medical alliance. METHODS ：By literature research ，the construction and development of TCM pharmacy in primary medical and health institutions were analyzed ，and the feasibility ，advantages and limitations of shared TCM pharmacy based on county medical alliance were also analyzed. The construction process and method of shared TCM pharmacy information platform based on county medical alliance introduced from aspects of overall architecture ，business model and main functions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：The policies for the revitalization and development of medical alliance and TCM ，the needs for the improvement of grass-roots TCM service ability ，and the application of modern information technology provide the feasibility for the construction of shared TCM pharmacy based on county medical alliance. The construction of shared TCM pharmacy based on county medical alliance can broaden TCM list in the primary medical institutions ，integrates and diverts human resources ，save costs ，and provides homogeneous and standardized pharmaceutical care. However ，it is generally affected by non information technology factors such as county regional environment ，policy support ，logistics distribution speed ，cost benefit sharing. T he shared TCM pharmacy information platform based on county medical alliance is mainly based on the TCM alliance led by county-level TCM hospital ，and constructs business model from three aspects ：business processing ，business management and business sharing on the basis of the health information platform of TCM department. Its main functions include the whole flow management of TCM decoction pieces ， TCM dispensing ，decocting，distribution，pharmaceutical care ，quality control ，convenient service and interface management and so on. The application of shared TCM pharmacy information platform based on county medical alliance helps the opening of the business cooperation and information sharing channel of shared TCM pharmacy based on county medical alliance expands the service scope of TCM ，and enhances the TCM service ability in primary medical institutions.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the difference in protein expression between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with recurrence and those with good prognosis, the differential expression and regulatory mechanism of miR-152-3p target proteins, and the role of miR-152-3p in the recurrence of HCC. MethodsTMT-labeled proteomic sequencing and RT-PCR were used to measure the expression of proteins and the expression of miR-152-3p in the HCC tissue of six patients with recurrence at 2 years after HCC resection and six patients with good prognosis at 5 years. Six databases were used to analyze the target genes of miR-152-3p, and Gene Ontology, DAVID, and REACTOME databases were used to perform target gene screening, enrichment annotation, and signal transduction pathway enrichment analysis. Gene mutation frequency and survival curve analysis were performed for the target genes of miR-152-3p to verify the role of miR-152-3p target genes in patients with HCC recurrence. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and a Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to investigate the survival rates of liver-related genes. ResultsCompared with the patients with HCC recurrence, the patients with good prognosis after HCC resection had a significantly higher transcriptional expression level of miR-152-3p in HCC tissue (P＜0.05). The results of protein sequencing showed that there were 365 differentially expressed proteins in HCC tissue between the patients with good prognosis and the patients with recurrence, and the analysis of HCC recurrence databases showed that 17 proteins were regulated by miR-152-3p. Further analysis of the signaling pathways showed that the function of the 17 target genes regulated by miR-152-3p was enriched in the translation and regulation of mitochondria and ribosome, and multiple enrichment revealed that six target genes were closely associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex, i.e., AKAP1, FOXRED1, MRPL28, MRPL50, SHC1, and STAU1. Gene mutation frequency and survival curve analysis showed that the loss or weakening of the function of mitochondrial respiratory chain-related target proteins seriously affected the prognosis and survival rate of patients. ConclusionThere is a significant difference in the expression of miR-152-3p in HCC tissue between patients with good prognosis and those with recurrence after HCC resection, and miR-152-3p may lead to the recurrence of HCC by regulating the target genes AKAP1, FOXRED1, MRPL28, MRPL50, SHC1, and STAU1, acting on the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and affecting the oxidative respiratory function of cells.
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Objective To analyze the genetic and evolutionary properties of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ORF 1ab/S/M proteins and select antigen epitope sequences of mRNA vaccines. Methods: We analyzed the worldwide SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences in this study and have focused on the protein and nucleic acid sequences of the ORF 1ab/S/M. The neighbor-joining tree was employed to map the global distribution of genetic differences. Based on current research on SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 genetic differences, we predicted candidate mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Results: The SARS-CoV-2 ORF 1ab nucleic acid sequence similarity is 100.0%, while the homology is 99.3% in the global hot region; the S-protein nucleic acid sequence similarity is 100.0%, while the homology is 97.5%; the M-protein nucleic acid sequence similarity is 100.0%, while the homology is 99.9%. Global distribution of ORF 1ab/S/M proteins indicates that there is a significant genetic difference between the Americas and Eurasia. Potential vaccine antigen epitope mRNA sequences (11 B cell responses and 13 T cell responses) were selected for SARS-CoV-2 ORF 1ab protein; 6 B cell responses and 4 T cell responses antigen epitope mRNA sequences were selected for the Spike protein; 3 B cell responses and 7 T cell responses antigen epitope mRNA sequences were selected for the membrane protein. Conclusion: There are significant genetic differences in the global hot spot of SARS-CoV-2 in the Americas and Eurasia. Through our new antigen design strategy to screen linear epitopes, we predicted many sequences in ORF 1ab/S/M coding region that potentially raising an immune response. Our study will benefit the discovery of the mRNA vaccine (tandem antigen epitope sequence), antibody discovery, and potentially understanding related immune mechanisms.
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Objective:To reveal the significance of microRNA 155 (miR-155) level or the suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6) level in distinguishing the differentiating tuberculosis (TB) infection.Methods:A case-control study was conducted. A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the study retrospectively, including 20 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, 20 patients with latent tuberculosis and 20 patients with other pulmonary infectious diseases (non-TB infection), who visited The Third Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University from January to June of 2017. The expression level of miR-155 and SOCS6 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of from these patients were examined by using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods. The associated statistics and graphs was utilized to obtain the relationship, which were reflected by the Co-index receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve or calculating the area under ROC curve (AUC), between the miR-155 and SOCS6 in differentiating tuberculosis infection by using the Logistic Regressive analysis methods, MedCalc and GraphPad Prism 8.0 software.Results:Neither of the three index miR-155 (AUC=0.663, P=0.031), SOCS6 (AUC=0.708, P=0.002) and Co-index (AUC=0.718, P=0.001) was outstanding to distinguish the tuberculosis infection and non-TB infection. Moreover, the miR-155 (AUC=0.867, P<0.001) and Co-index (AUC=0.875, P<0.001) were similar sufficient ( Z=0.142, P=0.887) to distinguish the active and latent infections. The Co-index (AUC=0.923, P<0.001) was better ( Z=2.586, P=0.010) than SOCS6 (AUC=0.723, P=0.007), and similar ( Z=1.585, P=0.113) to miR-155 (AUC=0.835, P<0.001) on the distinguishing active and non-TB infection. Conclusions:By performing the qPCR and the correlation-analysis, miR-155 has been considered as a potential biomarker for differentiating latent tuberculosis infection from active tuberculosis infection. Conjoint analysis of miR-155 and SOCS6 benefits the distinguishing active TB infection from other pulmonary infectious diseases.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now pandemic worldwide and has heavily overloaded hospitals in Wuhan City, China during the time between late January and February. We reported the clinical features and therapeutic characteristics of moderate COVID-19 cases in Wuhan that were treated via the integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine. We collected electronic medical record (EMR) data, which included the full clinical profiles of patients, from a designated TCM hospital in Wuhan. The structured data of symptoms and drugs from admission notes were obtained through an information extraction process. Other key clinical entities were also confirmed and normalized to obtain information on the diagnosis, clinical treatments, laboratory tests, and outcomes of the patients. A total of 293 COVID-19 inpatient cases, including 207 moderate and 86 (29.3%) severe cases, were included in our research. Among these cases, 238 were discharged, 31 were transferred, and 24 (all severe cases) died in the hospital. Our COVID-19 cases involved elderly patients with advanced ages (57 years on average) and high comorbidity rates (61%). Our results reconfirmed several well-recognized risk factors, such as age, gender (male), and comorbidities, as well as provided novel laboratory indications (e.g., cholesterol) and TCM-specific phenotype markers (e.g., dull tongue) that were relevant to COVID-19 infections and prognosis. In addition to antiviral/antibiotics and standard supportive therapies, TCM herbal prescriptions incorporating 290 distinct herbs were used in 273 (93%) cases. The cases that received TCM treatment had lower death rates than those that did not receive TCM treatment (17/273 = 6.2% vs. 7/20= 35%, P = 0.0004 for all cases; 17/77= 22% vs. 7/9= 77.7%, P = 0.002 for severe cases). The TCM herbal prescriptions used for the treatment of COVID-19 infections mainly consisted of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Radix Scutellariae, Rhizoma Pinellia, and their combinations, which reflected the practical TCM principles (e.g., clearing heat and dampening phlegm). Lastly, 59% of the patients received treatment, including antiviral, antibiotics, and Chinese patent medicine, before admission. This situation might have some effects on symptoms, such as fever and dry cough. By using EMR data, we described the clinical features and therapeutic characteristics of 293 COVID-19 cases treated via the integration of TCM herbal prescriptions and Western medicine. Clinical manifestations and treatments before admission and in the hospital were investigated. Our results preliminarily showed the potential effectiveness of TCM herbal prescriptions and their regularities in COVID-19 treatment.
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , COVID-19/therapy , China , Combined Modality Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Hospitalization , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective Vascular smooth muscle cells are the main cells in atherosclerosis. Reports are rarely seen on influenza virus infection on human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) and its influence on the expressions of the related cytokines. This study was to investigate the impact of influenza A virus (IAV) and influenza B virus (IBV) infection on HASMCs and the expressions of cytokines. Methods HASMCs were stimulated with IAV or IBV or not stimulated with virus (the control). The nucleoprotein of the influenza virus in the cells was detected by immunofluorescence assay, the proliferation of the cells determined with CCK8, and the level of influenza virus RNA in the supernatant measured by qPCR. The collected supernatant was used to infect Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and detect the influenza virus nucleoprotein. The expressions of the cytokines of the influenza virus after 24 hours of infection were determined by qPCR. Results At 3 and 4 days after infected with influenza virus, the proliferation of the HASMCs was significantly inhibited in the IAV and IBV groups as compared with the control (P<0.05). The expression of virus RNA in the supernatant of the IBV group at 3 days was 5.75 times as high as that at 2 days (P<0.05), dropped at 4 days but still higher than that at 2 days (P<0.01). Compared with the normal culture medium, the medium with virus growth fluid significantly elevated the RNA level of IAV (0.842±0.148 vs 15.182±1.932, P< 0.01) and IBV (0.962±0.033 vs 4.029±0.681, P<0.01). After infection, the expression of MCP-1 was remarkably up-regulated in the IAV and IBV groups (4.364±0.193 and 3.348±0.507) in comparison with that in the control group (1.001±0.001) (P<0.05), and so were the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α (P<0.05). Conclusion Both IAV and IBV can infect HASMCs and increase the expressions of the cytokines MCP-1, IL-6 , and TNF-α.
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Objective Chorioamnionitis in pregnancies with preterm premature rupture of membranes(PPROM) may lead to perinatal morbidity. There is no definite diagnostic method for detecting chorioamnionitis before delivery. In this retrospective study, the diagnostic value of five inflammatory markers, including white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil percentage (NEU), c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and procalcitonin (PCT) of subclinical chorioamnionitis in PPROM were investigated. Methods A total of 74 PPROM (Group A: 21 PPROM without infection; Group B: 43 PPROM with subclinical chorioamnionitis;Group C:10 PPROM with chorioamnionitis) and 46 controls (Group D:normal full-term pregnancies) were recruited from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University between 2013 and 2017. The five markers were measured within 24 hours before the delivery. The diagnostic value of inflammatory markers for subclinical chorioamnionitis were assessed by t test and ROC curve. Results The levels of WBC, NEU and IL-6 in group A were significantly higher than those in group D (T=5.412, Z=-3.312, T=2.798, all P<0.05). The levels of five inflammatory markers in group B and C were all significantly increased compare with group D(Zb=-5.797, Zb=-5.296, Zb=-5.116, Zb=-3.279, Zb=-4.36, Tc=7.732, Zc=-4.622, Zc=-4.591, Zc=-3.509, Zc=-4.387,all P<0.05). Group B CRP, IL-6 and PCT levels were significantly higher than those of group A(Z=-3.10, Z=-2.95, Z=-2.202, all P<0.05). All five markers of group C were significantly higher than those of group A(T=-5.285, Z=-2.536, Z=-3.819, Z=-3.228, Z=-3.719, all P<0.05). The levels of WBC, NEU and IL-6 in group C were significantly higher than those in PPROM group B(Z=-3.296, T=-2.738, Z=-3.501, all P<0.05). In terms of predictive capability of subclinical chorioamnionitis, the individual area under ROC curve (AUC) of CRP, IL-6, and PCT were 0.740, 0.671, and 0.728 corresponding to the optimal cutoff 10.3 mg/L, 5.995 pg/ml, and 0.055 ng/ml respectively. The sensitivity value were 39.5％, 60.5％ and 74.4％, the specificity value were 100％, 85.7％and 61.9％.The area under the ROC curves of CRP+IL-6,CRP+PCT,IL-6+PCT and CRP+IL+6+PCT were 0.746, 0.805, 0.776 and 0.816. The sensitivity value were 51.2％, 74.4％, 81.4％ and 62.8％, the specificity value were 95.2％, 81％, 66.7％and 90.5％. Conclusions The model (combined with PCT, CRP and IL-6) may be helpful for the diagnosis of the subclinical chorioamnionitis in PPROM. Combined diagnosis of two markers in PCT,CRP and IL-6 could be superior to single inflammatory marker. Combined diagnosis of three could be better,which may provide a reference for clinical diagnosis.
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Objective To investigate the autophagy level of peripheral blood neutrophils in patients with tuberculosis infection.Methods According to the standard for tuberculosis diagnosis, the subjects were divided into normal control group (16 cases) and active tuberculosis group (24 cases), and peripheral blood was collected.The autophagy of neutrophils and mononuclear cells of the two groups were detected by flow cytometry:The total RNA of neutrophils was extracted by Trizol and the relative quantification of Beclin1 expression was calculated by using 2-△△Ct in real-time quantitative PCR.Results There was no significant difference in age between the active tuberculosis and normal control group (P=0.165 5, P＞0.05);the proportion of male in active tuberculosis group (79.2％) was significantly higher than that of normal control group (37.5％), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.031 5, P＜0.05).The level of neutrophil autophagy in the active tuberculosis group was significantly lower than that of the normal control group (P=0.013 8, P＜0.05), and there was no difference of mononuclear cells between the two groups (P=0.784 2, P＞0.05);active tuberculosis group the mRNA expression of Beclin1△ Ct=-1.254±0.40 was lower than that of the normal control group△Ct=-0.10±0.48, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001).Conclusion The incidence of active tuberculosis in male is higher than that of female;the autophagy level of neutrophils in peripheral blood of patients with tuberculosis infection decreased, and the decline of autophagy-related gene Beclin1 mRNA expression may be related to the occurrence and development of tuberculosis.
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Chinese hamsters are a kind of valuable laboratory animal resources and play an important role in medical,genetics and pharmaceutical research. More and more biological characteristics of Chinese hamsters have been discovered with in-depth research,and many Chinese hamster models have been established so far. This paper is a brief overview of the development and research progress of Chinese hamsters and their application in taxonomy and medical research.
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Objective To establish the expression profiles of differentially expressed miRNA and mRNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)and to investigate the roles of miRNA and mRNA associated with the occurrence and development of OSCC. Methods The expression profiles of miRNA and mRNA were constructed using a new generation of high-throughput sequencing techniques. The miRNA and mRNA associated with the occurrence and development of OSCC were predicted by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis. Results We successfully constructed the differentially expressed miRNA and mRNA profiles of Chinese hamster buccal pouch squamous cell carcinoma. 11 known and 3 novel significantly differentially expressed miRNAs and 194 differentially expressed mRNAs were found. A miRNA can regulate multiple mRNAs, and multiple miRNAs can control one mRNA. Conclusions Differential expression of miRNA play a an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of OSCC through regulating mRNA and forming a complex regulatory network. It provides theoretical data for the occurrence,pathogenesis,clinical treatment and prognosis of OSCC.
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From the perspective of standardization development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) information,the paper puts forward the categorizing and coding scheme of clinical TCM information,builds a frame of basic clinical TCM information classification,which consists of 6 Grade 1 categories,30 subcategories and a few detailed categories,to provide standardized support for informatization and standardization study in the area of TCM.
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Objective To establish a homothermal and fast detecting method on pathogenic bacteria by combining recombinase-aid amplification (RAA) with molecular beacon.Methods The establishment of the methodology.Staphylococcus aureus specific primers were designed from the relative region of the staphylococcal protein A (SPA).Asymmetry amplification was optimized by adjusting the primer concentration ratios.The results of amplification and hybridization were visualized and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and fluorescence detection.The sensitivity was identified by detecting dilute positive plasmids.And the specificity was determined using RAA method by detecting 72 pathogenic bacteria,including Staphylococcus aureus and other Staphylococcus spp.from the Department of Clinical Laboratory of Daping Hospital in December 2016.Besides,the Kappa analysis and the clinical diagnosis efficiency were investigated by analyzing 39 extra strains in the laboratory in December 2016.Results When the concentration ratio of restrictive and non-restrictive primer was 1:20,the yield efficiency of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) reached the peak.And as for the hybridization efficiency,the asymmetry amplification was higher than symmetry amplification.Twenty copies/μl was proposed as the limits of detection by testing dilute plasmids.And the RAA hybridization method could distinguish Staphylococcus aureus with other Staphylococcus spp.Comparing with traditional detection methods with a Kappa index of 0.860,this method shows a good consistency.By analyzing the 111 bacteria,the sensitivity of the method is 92.5％ (37/40),the specificity is 97.2％ (69/71),the positive predictive value is 94.9％ (37/39),the negative predictive value is 95.8％ (69/72),the positive likelihood radio is 33.04,the negative likelihood radio is 0.077,the Youden index is 0.897 and the Kappa index is 0.902.Conclusion Through the combination of asymmetry recombinase-aid amplification optimization and molecular beacon probe,a new method of detecting bacteria DNA with RAA hybridization technique is established,providing the foundation for its clinical application.
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Objective To investigate suitable condition for extraction of the active components from Ajuga nipponensis (A. nipponensis). Methods Orthogonal experimental design was used to determine the optimal extraction parameters for ecdysterones and flavonoids. Finally, the hepatoprotective abilities of A. nipponensis extracts were evaluated by CCl
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Objective: To investigate the effect of MeJA combined with high temperature stress in the treatment for the accumulation of triterpenoids in the birch (Betula platyphylla) suspension cells. Methods: After MeJA (25, 50, 100, and 150 μmol/L)and high temperature (50℃ for 2 h) treatment, the cell growth, viability, content of MDA, the activity of defense enzyme, total triterpenoids content, and the gene expression levels of triterpenoids synthesis were measured. Results: The combination of high temperature stress and MeJA treatment had a more powerful positive effect on the synthesis of triterpenoids than single MeJA or high temperature treatment in birch cells. Moreover, the concentration of total triterpenoids had the highest level when adding 150 μmol/L MeJA after the high temperature processing, was up to 76.6 mg/g, which was 81.3%, 159.9% and 13.1% higher than those in the blank control, individual MeJA treatment or the heat treatment alone respectively. Meanwhile, the gene expression levels of SS, SE, BPW, and BPY, related to the triterpenoids synthesis, had an increase about 297.1%, 83.7%, 1 032.6%, and 282.4% compare to the control. The MeJA after high temperature treatment enhanced the activity of SOD and PAL compared with the control, inhibited the cell growth and viability. Conclusion: The treatment of MeJA after high temperature affects the cell growth, viability, and activity of defense enzyme, regulates the genes expression level of triterpenoids synthesis, and eventually could make cells to produce the triterpenoids substance effectively.
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Objective To establish a new method for rapid detection of β-thalassemia by investigating six clinical common mutation types.Methods Fifty cases of clinical wild-type samples and 42 cases ofβ-thalassemia samples were collected, and β-globin gene was amplified by PCR.Uniform ligation probe ( ULP) specific probes were designed for hybridization reaction to increase the reaction specificity and real-time PCR was performed to increase the sensitivity.After that, PCR products were verified by agarose electrophoresis.After examining the specificity and sensitivity, Kappa test between LDR-ULP method and reverse dot blot( RDB) method was conducted.Results Hybridization efficiency was improved 2.53 times by LDR-ULP hybridization.Each mutant type showed a significant amplification curve, whereas the wild-type had no significant curve within 40 cycles.The limit of determination of this method was 5 pg.The results of 92 cases of peripheral blood samples detected by the method of LDR-ULP and RDB were completely consistent.Conclusion In this study, a simple, inexpensive, rapid new method to detect β-thalassemia were established.
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Objective To investigate the gestation-specific reference intervals (GRIs) and dynamic changes of thyroid function at different gestational ages in Chongqing .Methods Combining self-sequential longtitudinal with cross-sectional study, the serum samples from 640 pregnant women with different gestational age were collected from June 2014 to September 2015 in the Third Military Medical University. The free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and antithyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) were detected by the direct chemiluminescence method.According to China Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease in pregnancy and postpartum in 2012, the reference interval of the thyroid function was calculated.The data were analyzed by Chi square test .Results Established GRIs of thyroid function during pregnancy in Chongqing:The GRIs was 3.68-5.59 pmol/L for FT3, 9.34-17.02 pmol /L for FT4, 0.18-5.26 mIU/L for TSH in 6-9+6 weeks of pregnancy; the GRIs was 3.69-6.03 pmol /L for FT3, 8.42-15.75 pmol/L for FT4、0.09-4.85 mIU/L for TSH in 10-13+6 weeks of pregnancy; the GRIs was 3.24-5.46 pmol /L for FT3, 6.50-14.24 pmol/L for FT4, 0.11-5.13 mIU/L for TSH in 14-27+6 weeks of pregnancy;the GRIs was 3.06-5.05 pmol /L for FT3, 6.12-11.69 pmol/L for FT4, 0.75-3.67 mIU/L for TSH in 30-34 weeks of pregnancy; the GRIs was 2.96-5.00 pmol/L for FT3, 6.26-11.36 pmol /L for FT4, 0.84-5.54 mIU/L for TSH in 36-40 weeks of pregnancy.Screening by GRIs, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 8.75% (46), however, the prevalence was 37.07% (195) in according with the guidelines,χ2 =120.5,P =0.000.The overdiagnosis rate was 28.32%(149 /526).Using the guidelines of thyroid disease and our GRIs, the thyroid disease was found 116 (22.05%) and 30 (5.70%) in the first screening. Moreover, the thyroid disease was found 79(19.27%) and 10(3.23%) during the repeat screening in the normal population.Conclusions Using the GRIs for thyroid function tests in normal singleton pregnant women could reduce the risk of over diagnosis .The detection rate of repeat screening of TPOAb negative patients was close to the first screening detection rate , and repeated screening could reduce the risk of missed diagnosis for thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy women .(Chin J Lab Med, 2016, 39:511-515 )
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate suitable condition for extraction of the active components from Ajuga nipponensis (A. nipponensis).@*METHODS@#Orthogonal experimental design was used to determine the optimal extraction parameters for ecdysterones and flavonoids. Finally, the hepatoprotective abilities of A. nipponensis extracts were evaluated by CCl4-induced animal models.@*RESULTS@#Maximum yields of flavonoids (7.87 ± 0.10) mg/g and ecdysterones (0.73 ± 0.02) mg/g could be obtained when the extraction time was 50 min, the extraction temperature was 60 °C, and the ratio of sample to 70% (v/v) ethanol was 1:20 (w/w). The antioxidant property of A. nipponensis was correlated to the concentration of its extracts. At 5 mg/mL, A. nipponensis extract scavenged 84.8% of DPPH radical and had absorbance values of 2.43 ± 0.04 reducing power. Upon CCl4-induced liver injury, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase decreased significantly after the mice were treated with A. nipponensis. Histological researches also explained that A. nipponensis reduced the extent of liver lesions induced by CCl4.@*CONCLUSIONS@#A. nipponensis exhibited potent antioxidant activity in chemical experimental models and hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced liver damage.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented mustard on immunopotentiating activity METHODS: One hundred and fifty nine strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional Taiwan fermented mustard were evaluated for their immunopotentiating activity on a murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. RESULTS: Of the strains, pronounced increases in the levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were observed in strains B0040, B0110 and B0145. Among them, strain B0145 had the highest NO and tumor necrosis factor-α generation in RAW 264.7 cells; strains B0040 and B0110 were also superior to that of Lactobacillus casei. These results demonstrated that NO and cytokines were effectively induced when the bacterial stimulants were treated with macrophages. In addition, strains B0040 and B0110 were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, and B0145 as Weissella cibaria using 16S rDNA analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The results implicated selected strains may be regarded as a biological response modifier and had a broad application prospects in exploiting new functional food or as a feed additive.
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Objective: To evaluate the ability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from fermented mustard to lower the cholesterol in vitro. Methods: The ability of 50 LAB strains isolated from fermented mustard on lowering cholesterol in vitro was determined by modified o-phtshalaldehyde method. The LAB isolates were analyzed for their resistance to acid and bile salt. Strains with lowering cholesterol activity, were determined adherence to Caco-2 cells. Results: Strain B0007, B0006 and B0022 assimilated more cholesterol than BCRC10474 and BCRC 17010. The isolated strains showed tolerance to pH 3.0 for 3 h despite variations in the degree of viability and bile-tolerant strains, with more than 10
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the ability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from fermented mustard to lower the cholesterol in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ability of 50 LAB strains isolated from fermented mustard on lowering cholesterol in vitro was determined by modified o-phtshalaldehyde method. The LAB isolates were analyzed for their resistance to acid and bile salt. Strains with lowering cholesterol activity, were determined adherence to Caco-2 cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Strain B0007, B0006 and B0022 assimilated more cholesterol than BCRC10474 and BCRC 17010. The isolated strains showed tolerance to pH 3.0 for 3 h despite variations in the degree of viability and bile-tolerant strains, with more than 10(8) CFU/mL after incubation for 24 h at 1% oxigall in MRS. In addition, strain B0007 and B0022 identified as Lactobacillus plantarum with 16S rDNA sequences were able to adhere to the Caco-2 cell lines.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These strains B0007 and B0022 may be potential functional sources for cholesterol-lowering activities as well as adhering to Caco-2 cell lines.</p>